Constitutional Democracy Essay -- essays research papers

Protected Democracy      The essential reason of a sacred vote based system is that administration has rules and the entirety of the individuals have voices. Through free and reasonable races we choose possibility to speak to us. The Constitution of the United States promises us the option to do this, and to live fairly. The designers assaulted domineering government and propelled the accompanying thoughts: that administration originates from underneath, not from above, and that it gets its forces from the assent of the represented; that men have certain regular, unavoidable rights; that it is savvy and practical to disperse and adjust powers inside government, giving nearby powers to neighborhood governments, and general forces to the national government; that men are brought into the world equivalent and ought to be treated as equivalent before the law. The designers of the U. S. Constitution looked to make these thoughts the administering standards of a country. Protected majority rule government has three fundamental components. Those being connecting values, interrelated political procedures and related political structures.      The first thought of connecting esteems is well known assent. Well known assent implies that legislature must get assent for its activities from the individuals it administers. It is like greater part rule, a political procedure, in that the most famous acts or thoughts of the individuals will be embraced by our legislature. There must be a recompense or readiness for the benefit of the disagreeable gathering to lose.      Popular assent may give a way to making a decision about parental assent laws for minors looking for fetus removal. Since minors are not lawfully permitted to be skilled to take part in sex, to go into contracts, or to shape adequate "informed consent" to consent to their own clinical treatment, it is unimaginable that they would be viewed as skillful to settle on an actual existence and passing choice about something that further down the road they may themselves see as a genuine individual, with singular rights      Drawing on a few significant commitments of the illumination, including the political hypothesis of John Locke and the monetary thoughts of Adam Smith, independence posts the individual person as the fundamental unit out of which all bigger social gatherings are developed and concedes need to their rights and interests over those of the state or social gathering... ...ve forces of the president in like manner were prohibited in various places by assigned obligations. The legal power was to be employed by judges. Express purview of the courts was subject to congressional definition.      Checks and parities are the protected controls whereby independent parts of government have restricting controls over one another with the goal that no branch will get incomparable. Maybe the most popular arrangement of governing rules works in the U.S. government under arrangements of the bureaucratic constitution. The activity of balanced governance in the national government is illuminated in the Constitution.      The Constitution of the United States has managed us numerous rights. At times, those rights are in dispute. At others, we would be in political agitation without them. Established vote based system is a lovely thing. In spite of the fact that we may not all have a similar measure of riches, we have the freedom to. We have the option to be heard. Also, how is this privilege any longer exemplified than casting a ballot? Our delegates will do what we need, and on the off chance that they don't give us two or three a long time and we'll see another person who will vow to. So be it.

Brompton Bicycles Free Essays

LB160 TMA01 Brompton Bicycles under accomplishing The new administration must move rapidly to expand deals and lift benefits. New overseeing executive, Will Butler-Adams is worried that the moderate creation time is neglecting to stay aware of interest and is harming brand name. The organization is as of now experiencing an administration and creation change and is wanting to significantly increase yield and market development. We will compose a custom exposition test on Brompton Bicycles or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Despite the fact that Trademark licenses have lapsed the essential structure has copyright security. The noticeable danger from low-wage Taiwanese contenders, and low evaluated bicycles could forestall future development. Costs are controlled by the expense of crude materials, brand picture and the need to hold overall revenues. Holding the profoundly prepared staff and controlling the nature of the item sold is fundamental for keeping up the brand picture. The company’s organizer, innovator Andrew Ritchie is worried that quality might be undermined. Brompton Bicycles are not intrigued the large scale manufacturing of their bicycle. Their items are made in their London production line by entrenched and profoundly prepared staff. They have a bunch of retail shops in the USA. Be that as it may, they have no aim of expanding the quantity of outlets to keep up the solid brand picture. The organization must receive another abroad deals system that will permit the organization to satisfy demanding needs. Another media driven exposure drive ought to be actualized to carry the item to another client base. A cost examination for new sponsorships for bicycle dashing occasions ought to be assessed that would raise the item profile. (Words 251) Step by step instructions to refer to Brompton Bicycles, Papers

Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Essay -- Philosophy

Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Michel Foucault presents those progressive sorts of examinations that are rich for their substance as well as for their suggestions and novel methodological methodology. Just past the outside of his works lies such philosophical riches that one can be overpowered by contemplations of which vein to mine first, and what to think about the components subsequently separated. I’ve broken earth in a few appealing locales this last week. A few, it appeared, concealed their fortunes unreasonably profound for the extent of this unearthing. Some gave me stone boundaries which I don't yet have the apparatuses to infiltrate. At different locales, the earth gave way effectively and I gained extraordinary ground, just to be overflowed out. At last, at the fifteenth hour, I have struck something sparkly. I wish to utilize Foucault’s records of socialization, categorisation, and order, as the foundation for my investigation of an advanced substance I call the â€Å"identity package.† I will characterize this idea and show how it fits into and is recommended by Foucault’s works. Following this I will manage assumed issues with Foucault’s record (or absence of a record) of subjectivity. Story offers lucidness to an actual existence. Specific scenes bode well considering a joining subject. The shortsighted world perspective on the Middle Ages left individuals happy with genuinely straightforward accounts. One knew their own commitments and had an ambiguous thought of how they fit into the frameworks of lord and God. For the sovereign and the world class, their uncommon status was affirmed in function and aesthetic representations.1[1] The majority were unrepresented. The absence of interest for strengthening or change might be halfway because of the reality t... ...of this framework. The procedure of categorisation appears to have an assimilative capacity. In the event that you can’t beat them, mark them. On the off chance that it fits into our image, it is our own. Put along these lines, it appears as though we are detained in a threatening lattice of supernatural control. Be that as it may, as I have demonstrated to be the situation in mainstream society, we are complicit in our bondage, truth be told, very ready to take an interest. 1[1]Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, tr.Alan Sheridan (New York: Vintage,1995) p.192 2[2]With an expansion in administration came an increment in the significance of fastidious information; with this, more force and an increasingly unmistakable job for the scientist. 3[3]Modern promoting calls this â€Å"appeal to a certain demographic†. 4[4]Quoted in: Michael Clifford, Politcal Genealogy After Foucault, (New York: Routledge, 2001) p.99 Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Essay - Philosophy Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Michel Foucault presents those progressive sorts of examinations that are rich for their substance as well as for their suggestions and novel methodological methodology. Just past the outside of his works lies such philosophical riches that one can be overpowered by contemplations of which vein to mine first, and what to think about the components in this manner extricated. I’ve broken earth in a few appealing locales this last week. A few, it appeared, concealed their fortunes unreasonably profound for the extent of this removal. Some gave me stone boundaries which I don't yet have the apparatuses to infiltrate. At different destinations, the earth gave way effectively and I gained extraordinary ground, just to be overwhelmed out. At last, at the fifteenth hour, I have struck something gleaming. I wish to utilize Foucault’s records of socialization, categorisation, and control, as the foundation for my examination of a cutting edge substance I call the â€Å"identity package.† I will characterize this idea and show how it fits into and is recommended by Foucault’s works. Following this I will manage assumed issues with Foucault’s record (or absence of a record) of subjectivity. Account offers lucidness to an actual existence. Specific scenes bode well considering a joining subject. The shortsighted world perspective on the Middle Ages left individuals happy with genuinely basic accounts. One knew their own commitments and had an obscure thought of how they fit into the frameworks of lord and God. For the sovereign and the first class, their extraordinary status was affirmed in function and creative representations.1[1] The majority were unrepresented. The absence of interest for strengthening or change might be somewhat because of the reality t... ...of this framework. The procedure of categorisation appears to have an assimilative capacity. In the event that you can’t beat them, mark them. On the off chance that it fits into our image, it is our own. Put along these lines, it appears as though we are detained in a threatening network of supernatural control. Nonetheless, as I have demonstrated to be the situation in mainstream society, we are complicit in our imprisonment, indeed, very ready to partake. 1[1]Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, tr.Alan Sheridan (New York: Vintage,1995) p.192 2[2]With an expansion in administration came an increment in the significance of fastidious information; with this, more force and a progressively particular job for the scientist. 3[3]Modern publicizing calls this â€Å"appeal to a certain demographic†. 4[4]Quoted in: Michael Clifford, Politcal Genealogy After Foucault, (New York: Routledge, 2001) p.99

Project Management Green Fashion Store

Motivation behind the undertaking the executives plan Environmental contamination is one of the significant difficulties confronting the general public today. Notwithstanding this, organizations are embracing different creation and operational methodologies in an offer to boost their degree of productivity. A portion of the techniques actualized negatively affect the earth. The design business adds to different types of natural contamination, for example, air, water, and soil contamination (Cervellon et al., 2009).Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Project Management: Green Fashion Store explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More An overview directed by Deloitte shows that most firms in the worldwide style industry are not dedicated towards accomplishing operational supportability (Deloitte, 2013). In this way, their commitment towards avoidance of ecological contamination is constrained and such a pattern may unfavorably influence the firm’s long h aul endurance. Thusly, it is basic for style firms to be aware of the earth so as to accomplish business coherence. This report traces a task plan concerning green design. Foundation - Project depiction The venture involves setting up another store that will manage ‘green fashion’. The ‘green fashion’ store will give the consigner a decision of picking a limit of 40% benefit subsequent to selling the garments. The rest will be given to good cause. On the off chance that the entrusted items are not sold inside a quarter of a year, they will become ‘green fashion’ self-possessed items. The store will solely manage women’s attire. In an offer to ensure nature, the store will manage recycled garments produced using ecological well disposed materials and reused fabric materials. Undertaking goals The venture expects to advance eco-accommodating business activities inside the style business. The store will be founded on the ideas of re-cycle, re-use, and re-style (Garth, 2009). Thusly, the undertaking will advance utilization of top notch ‘green fashion’ items. The store will accomplish this end by advancing utilization of recycled design garments. In addition, the venture plans to urge customers to coordinate the idea of ‘just enough’ in their buying patterns.Advertising Looking for article on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Scope the executives Scope the executives is a basic angle in venture arranging forms (Hartley, 2009. Extension the board guarantees that lone the vital undertakings are embraced subsequently expanding fulfillment of the objective partners (Lau, 2005). The whole undertaking will be partitioned into little and sensible segments (Ghuman, 2010). The important authorisation, for example, a permit from ecological control organizations in Australia will be looked for. In addition, the contributio n of the project’s support will be looked for. A portion of the angles will be characterized in the degree the executives stage incorporate; The stores plan; how the shop will be structured so as to wipe out ecological contamination. Publicizing the idea of green style among customers Work-breakdown structure The venture will be separated into various sensible parts. Be that as it may, the venture director will guarantee that the different sub-parts of the undertaking contribute towards culmination of the whole task. A system to quantify the achievement of the whole task will likewise be fused. The diagram underneath outlines the work-breakdown structure with respect to the ‘Green Fashion’ venture. Figure 1: Work-breakdown structure Project suspicions during the time spent setting up the Green Fashion Store, the accompanying suppositions will be considered. A business person will embrace the whole procedure of building up the store. It is additionally accepted th at the business visionary will get to the important capital from supports and other credit account foundations so as to set up the store effectively. For the undertaking to succeed, it is accepted that countless ladies will coordinate green design in their utilization forms. In an offer to achieve the ideal degree of productivity, the task director expect that there are sizeable markets to empower the store build up a solid client base. The undertaking administrator accept that the essential specialists will support the store. It is expected that the venture will be finished inside the set time period. Venture requirements various dangers that exude from inside and outside sources influence ventures (Kerzner, 2009).Therefore, it is basic for venture chiefs to know about such dangers so as to incorporate ideal techniques to turn away the dangers. The accomplishment of the Green Fashion venture is probably going to be influenced by various dangers as delineated below.Advertising We wi ll compose a custom exposition test on Project Management: Green Fashion Store explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Budget misfortune The complete spending assignment to the whole undertaking probably won't be adequate. Subsequently, the probability of bringing about extra expense is high. Spending misfortune may influence the firm’s capacity to stock the store with adequate green style items. This viewpoint will restrain the quantity of clients belittling the store. In an offer to limit the event of spending misfortune, an away from of task necessities will be plainly characterized. In an offer to decide the expense of the venture viably, the business visionary will utilize Microsoft Excel and other programming that can help during the time spent deciding expense. Time strife The way toward setting up the Green Fashion Store will expend a significant measure of time. Poor time portion may influence as far as possible inside which the undertaking must be fin ished. Accordingly, the probability of accomplishing the set goals might be influenced unfavorably. The undertaking chief will limit time struggle by incorporating Microsoft Project Server, which is programming that assistants in powerful time the board concerning ventures. For instance, the product empowers the venture chief to characterize basic ways, slack, and slag time viably (Westland, 2007). Absence of store purchase in The venture supervisor perceives the way that the undertaking probably won't get the planned help from supports. For instance, outside agents and different supporters may see the task to be a less practical undertaking. On the off chance that this recognition happens, the venture probably won't be begun. In an offer to limit the event of this pattern, it will be guaranteed that the task backers and outer lenders comprehend the practicality of the undertaking, which will be accomplished by having complete conversation with the patrons on the reasonability of th e undertaking. Thus, the probability of accomplishing the important help will increment. Moreover, the clients probably won't comprehend the idea driving green design, which may antagonistically influence the firm’s deals. In an offer to constrain this event, satisfactory open mindfulness on green style will be conducted.Advertising Searching for article on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Venture possibility The project’s attainability will be assessed by evaluating the dedication of the backers towards natural contamination. Most associations are putting resources into different ecological security programs. Hence, the probability of supporters being keen on the ‘green fashion’ venture is high. The achievability of the task is additionally improved by the way that buyers are progressively getting aware of the earth. Kazmi (2008) declares, â€Å"Eco-accommodating items whether in horticulture, apparel, beautifying agents, or wellbeing are being viewed as a superior substitute for engineered products† (p. 81). Moreover, change in purchaser conduct with respect to clothing improves the probability of the project’s achievement. For instance, an enormous number of buyers have many fresh out of the plastic new garments in their storage rooms that they don't wear. These garments can be exchanged as recycled garments as most shoppers are eag er to part with such garments. Undertaking assets and staff According to Rose (2005), adequate assets and work force must be incorporated in the task arranging stage. The accompanying perspectives will be coordinated. In the asset arranging stage, it will be guaranteed that all the fundamental assets, for example, shop types of gear, for example, furniture and transfer of recycled ladies style garments are accessible. Besides, the undertaking director will guarantee that satisfactory and experienced human capital is coordinated. As per Nevitt and Fabozzi (2000), the nature of the undertaking group impacts the viability and productivity with which different venture exercises are executed. Consequently, an accomplished shop administrator as to recycled design garments will be employed. Job Responsibilities The venture support Approval of the task Provision of the fundamental undertaking direction Reviewing the advancement of the project’s progress Project members Executing diff erent venture exercises Identifying potential difficulties that may obstruct culmination of the task The guiding board of trustees Ensuring that assets are designated adequately Directing the undertaking supervisor Assessing the undertaking expectations Chart 1: Key staff and duties in the venture. Venture partners Prior to its execution, the task oversee will send the undertaking to various partners. One classification of partners that will be considered incorporates the different cause bunches that will be distinguished. The foundation gatherings will help during the time spent creating gifts of ‘green fashion’ items. On gathering the style items, the consigner will reuse and sell

Mob Protesters Right or Wrong :: miscellaneous

Horde Protesters Right or Wrong Exposition Outline: My exposition is just around one thousand 500 words in length and in that one and a half thousand words I should give purposes of perspectives from the two sides just as a presentation and this Essay Outline. The main conclusion I will expound on is the assessments of the work supporters, saying how They endured in view of the petroleum dissents, the rights wrongs and how the wrongs were or attempted to be sifted through and to what extent it took. Likewise in works resistance I will expound on how Tony Blair feels that a cut in fuel duty will mess more up later on. Likewise I will directly about the assessments of the petroleum dissenters, how they are helping the country on the over burdened fuel, since they are not doing the fights for the sake of entertainment (despite the fact that they may look fun). The papers I read indicated the thing Tony Blair said about his burdening yet where its majority was lies or deluding. Likewise what he really did with our charges and how some of it just went to squander like how he slice 140 street upgrades projects to just 37 or how his ten-year  £180billion organization with John Prescott took tree a very long time to sift through. Is this in light of his poor cash the board or would he say he is getting an additional million or two in his pocket every year? These significant focuses may crawl up with some more in my exposition. Yet, to end my exposition I will Finnish with an end that contains a general perspective on the paper. A gratitude to where I got all my data for the article, how the paper created and how my perspective created as I learnt more on what happens to our assessments while work is administering parliament. In any case, above all asking the peruser the inquiry I was given, however somewhat briefer, ‘ should we trust that a political decision will sift through the tax assessment issues or should we stand up and request lower expenses to illuminate the tax assessment problem’. Presentation: Should the administration have all out authority over our charges and we can do nothing about it. Should we have the option to defend the assessments we pay or should we hold up weeks, months or years for another political race. Or on the other hand should we be glad for charges realizing that it’s going towards our wellbeing, security and training.

Implementing a Nurse Practitioner Orientation Program - Free Essay Example

Nurse practitioner orientation is a relatively new but progressive topic and is usually found within the context of APRN models of care, APRN fellowship programs, or departmental orientations within hospital-based organizations. Orientating novice NPs into a hospital-based organization involves transition and are created to integrate the employee within the organization (Meleis, 2010; Meleis, Sawyer, Im, Messias, Schumacher, 2000). Additionally, orientation is a type of experienced transition that involves finding cohesion within the organization while building clinical proficiency (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Coble, 2014). Transitioning into practice is experienced by all nurse practitioners whether novice or skilled, however it is agreed by several researchers that the transition period of novice NPs tend be more dramatic (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Brown Olshansky, 1997; Coble, 2014; Horner, 2017). PICOT In novice nurse practitioners, does a structured nurse practitioner orientation program improve competency outcomes in a 12-month period at the Veteran Affairs North Texas Healthcare System? Importance of Topic Healthcare reform and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has led to the evaluation and modifications in health care delivery (Obama, 2016). The objectives of healthcare reform are to provide affordable and quality health care while increasing access to care in the United States (Collins Saylor, 2018). These objectives have become vastly examined in hospital organizations and nurses will serve as the catalysts to lead in implementing effective solutions (Collins Saylor, 2018). Nurses are the largest profession within healthcare and because of their adaptability, the nursing profession has the potential to effect a vast amount of necessary changes in the health care system (Institute of Medicine, 2011). There have been numerous studies that have demonstrated the association of nursing and patient outcomes. In 2000, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) reexamined issues of nurse staffing and patient outcomes, thus concluding that health is directly correlated by how well patients are cared for by nurses (Kohn, Corrigan, Donaldson, Institute of Medicine, 2000). Nurses have the ability to assess strengths and weaknesses within healthcare systems and therefore can provide leadership to improve access, quality, and safety while reducing healthcare costs within organizations (Needleman Hassmiller, 2009). Furthermore, nurse practitioners (NPs) are the largest advanced practice registered nurses whom are poised to assist with the access to care gaps, coordinating complex care for widespread populations, and serving as primary providers while practicing to their full scope of training and education (Institute of Medicine, 2011). Despite being well matched to serve the needs of Americans, NPs are faced with many challenges (Institute of Medicine, 2011; Kohn et al., 2000). There are more than 248,000 NPs in the U.S., and 49.9% hold hospital privileges (AANP, n.d.). The rapid growth of the hospital-based NP has led to unforeseen challenges, role confusion, i nadequate support, and fragmented onboarding processes (Bahouth Esposito-Herr, 2009). Novice NPs tend to experience more difficulties transitioning within hospital organizations which can subsequently lead to unfavorable competency outcomes (Bahouth, Blum, Simone, 2013; Bahouth Esposito-Herr, 2009). Review of Literature A literature review was conducted on NP orientation and common concepts were encountered throughout the literature review and grouped accordingly. It was discovered that most employing hospitals offer no or limited NP orientation programs with such programs varying from nonexistent to a few weeks in duration (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). In several organizations, NP orientation is often grouped with registered nurse programs, provided with limited guidance, or does not occur (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Metzger Rivers, 2014). Additionally, there have been instances when key resources were not made available, contributing to inefficiency start up processes and patient safety (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). As a result, novice NPs experience job dissatisfaction, stagnant professional growth, improper use of skills within their scope of practice, lack of appropriate reporting structures, and dysfunctional colleague collaboration (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Karen A. Mona P., 2009). This in turn can lead to high NP turnover rates in a time where the shortage of primary care providers is prevalent. Organizational Culture and Socialization Acclimating into the organization, establishing rapports with colleagues, absorbing the organizational culture, and the formal or informal rules of the organizational environment are integral to the success of the NP (Bahouth et al., 2013; Brown Olshansky, 1997; Horner, 2017). Because the NP must adapt to the culture of the organization, the orientee must thoroughly understand how the organization functions. Culture represents the morals, values, and behavior of an organization and can be influential of personnel and healthcare teams which in turn, influences quality (Johnson, Nguyen, Groth, White, 2018; Rovithis et al., 2017). Furthermore, the attitude towards NPs within an organization can facilitate or disrupt the success of the transition and has been linked to medical errors, accidents, and poor outcomes of the patient and the provider (Marshall, 2011; Poghosyan, Nannini, Finkelstein, Mason, Shaffer, 2013; Rovithis et al., 2017). Organizational socialization has been acknowledged as essential for the integration of employees into a hospital-based organization (Ahmadian, Soori, Ghaderi, Hejrat, Mow, 2016; Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). Socialization facilitates the psychological health of the novice NP and enhances developmental skills (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). Additionally, socialization assists with isolation reduction, encourages hospital activity participation, and facilitates networking while providing the NP a sense of belonging (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). Organizational socialization has been found to positively influence role transition, clinical development, knowledge, and engagement, thus improving competency outcomes (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Korte, 2007; Meleis, 2010; Meleis et al., 2000; Poghosyan et al., 2013). Preceptor and Didactic Education Preceptors should serve as clinical educators, role models, facilitators, and evaluators (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). As clinical educators, preceptors assist with the developmental transition of the NP. Preceptors support the expansion of critical thinking and technical skills, time management, and communications with clients and staff (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). The preceptor is an important evaluator by measuring the NPs strengths, weakness, progression, and competency measurements (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Bahouth Esposito-Herr, 2009). Didactic education consists of courses, conferences, presentations, journal clubs, and ground rounds (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). Some hospital-based organizations already offer lunch and learn with a wide range of topics depending on the medical specialty. Didactic education is continuing education for NP and will enhance the developmental transition and facilitate expert providers (Horner, 2017). Mentorship and Collaboration Mentorship links the gap between education and reality and is important to the success of the NPs transition and job satisfaction (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Horner, 2017). Mentors are not clinical preceptors. Mentors enhance the professional and personal growth of the NP through navigating their career path and facilitating advancement of the practice. A mentor is nurturing, supportive, and influences development of the role (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013; Horner, 2017). Collaboration is an essential relationship among hospital-based NPs. Collaboration not only encompasses physician communication, it includes nursing, hospital administration, and other departmental relationships. Collaboration involves teaching and learning from others on the healthcare team and results in positive team relations (Bahouth, Blum, et al., 2013). Epidemiological Evidence The overall fiscal health of an organization is primarily measured by employee retention and job satisfaction (Kurnat-Thoma, Ganger, Peterson, Channell, 2017). Epidemiologic evidence was not located specifically to NPs for the Veterans Affairs North Texas Healthcare System and the oversight of recruitment and retention initiatives for nurses within all Veteran’s Hospital Administration (VHA) is limited. Training resources and the efficacy of nurse recruitment and retention goals have not been evaluated or monitored regularly (GAO, 2015). The government accountability office (GAO) found that VHA lacked adequate training support within medical centers and were unable to determine whether nurses were effectively meeting the health care needs of the veteran (GAO. 2015). In 2015, the GAO selected four medical centers to evaluate their nurse recruitment and training programs. One medical center had experienced high levels of nurse dissatisfaction with leadership and subsequently ex perienced a twelve percent turnover rate for NPs in 2014 (GAO, 2015). This left the medical center inadequately staffed and consequently affected access and quality of care for veterans (GAO, 2015). In 2011, the VHA began requiring medical centers to provide a Transition to Practice initiative, however the Office of Nursing Services (ONS) informed that funding was not provided to the medical centers thus the medical centers were left with their own funding determinations (GAO, 2015). Consequently, most medical centers recruited and hired only experienced nurses (GAO, 2015). Job Satisfaction There is a high probability that a novice NP will leave an organization within the first year if dissatisfied with the organizational orientation (Ziegler, 2018). Essentially, any professional workforce was found to be dependent on the satisfaction of employees (Faraz, 2017; Scruth, Garcia, Buchner, 2018). However, there are few research studies on the concept of job satisfaction related to novice NPs experience within the first year of employment. No data existed specific to novice NPs and job satisfaction within the Veteran Affairs North Texas Health Care System. According to Faraz (2017), NPs specifically demonstrated critical factors in the workplace linked to retention: professional autonomy, professional and interpersonal relationships, job benefits, and time allotted to complete work. Other studies indicated support of the NP role from colleagues and hospital administration, mentorship, and a thorough orientation were the most significant influences of job satisfaction (Duke, 2010). Outcomes Recommendations for Best Practice NPs are a diverse group of providers with unique concerns that do not fit exclusively into the categorizations of nursing or medicine (Metzger Rivers, 2014). For hospitals to meet the healthcare needs of their communities, novice NPs will require a properly structured orientation program to successfully transition within the hospital setting (Bahouth et al., 2013; Bahouth Esposito-Herr, 2009; Metzger Rivers, 2014). The general orientation plan should encompass several components directed towards clinical knowledge, development and growth, thus improving competency outcomes (Bahouth, Ackerman, et al., 2013; Bahouth, Blum, Simone, 2012; Metzger Rivers, 2014; Yeager S, 2010). Orientation programs should include preceptorship, mentorship, didactic education content, and effective collaboration (Bahouth et al., 2013). These key components will ensure accountability for tracking and affirming clinical decisions while assisting NPs to master intricate concepts. (Bahouth et al., 2013). Another example of building clinical proficiency involve credentialing NPs for invasive procedures and clarifying the methods of how an NP will be credentialed to independently perform the procedure (Bahouth et al., 2013; Yeager S, 2010). Any NP orientation program should enhance the psychological development of NPs by building relationships through mentoring, collaboration, socialization, and networking, hence producing behavioral competence (Bahouth et al., 2013). According to Brown and Olshansky (1997), the organization should provide time beyond the graduate program in order to allow for optimal professional development. Conclusion The goals of healthcare reform are to provide affordable and quality health care while increasing access to care in the United States. Nurse practitioners are the largest advanced practice nurses whom are poised to assist with access to care gaps, improving quality and patient safety, coordinating complex care for widespread populations, and serving as primary providers. The accelerated utilization of hospital-based NPs combined with inadequate transition and orientation programs can hinder the mastery and competency of NPs. Improper transition into the organizational culture can result in role confusion, job dissatisfaction, stagnant professional growth, improper use of skills, and dysfunctional colleague collaboration. The implementation of a hospital-based NP orientation program will support the transition and professional development needs of NPs. NPs need to feel supported and empowered in their hospital roles to continue providing quality patient care while meeting the future n eeds of healthcare delivery.

International human resource management due to globalization - Free Essay Example

As the globalisation trend advanced, IHRM (International Human Resource Management) plays a critical role in helping companies evaluate the human resource skills /capabilities and possibilities involved in moving to different regions of the world (Luthans, Marsnik and Luthans,1997). The HR (Human Resource) function is to help manage the organisations people as effective as possible based on the organisation business objectives for competitive advantage (Porter, 1990). To be successful in the global marketplace, a need for global mindset is the key source for long-term competitive advantage. The current HR issues faced by PC is illustrated in Appendix A. The HR management in PC HQ did not consult the local HR representative information on local culture, employment aspects, safety, customs and traditions in order to operate in harmony with a local companys procedures which is the root cause of the HR dilemma faced by PC. Looking at the current HR issues that PC is facing, the complexities of operating in different countries and employing people of different nationalities are challenges arising from the internationalisation of business. Also the challenge PC requires to undertake its HR strategies, policies, practices to global level for multinational ventures (Scullion Linehan, 2005). Company characteristic, business strategy and organisational structure are important elements in policy choice for the Flexibility and HRM strategies (Delery and Doty, 1996; Tsui et al., 1995; Mayne et al., 1996; Doorewaard and Meihuizen, 2000). According to Philip Condit (Finan cial Times 1997), as the era move towards globalisation, it is advantageous global companies, workforce, management transform into a global enterprise. A standardized approach to IHRM may put an organisation to disadvantage because cultural differences are ignored rather than built upon. (Adler,1991). Competing demands of global integration and local differentiation are important elements which give rise the need to develop human resources as a source of competitive advantage (Caligiuri and Stroh,1995;Schuler et al.,1993;Taylor et al.,1996). PC required adopting a geocentric approach to IHRM integration to balance between the conflicting priorities of global integration and local responsiveness (Caligiuri and Stroh (1995). GLOBE research confirmed that selected cultural differences strongly influence important ways in which people think about leaders and norms. According to Spence Hayden (1990), the most critical HRM issue for going international is to select and train l ocal managers (see Appendix B) as people is the main source for competitive advantage in international business. It is critical that PC focus on the first seven points of the HRM issues listed in Appendix B to enhance its current HR issues in Germany, France and India for the business expansion. The overall twelve HRM issues are for PC to apply for its going international plan to other Asia countries to build long term business success. The key challenge for PC is to capitalise on the diversity of global workforce without suppressing each other nations desire to maintain their own cultural heritage. Although it is tough, PC have to build, maintain and develop its corporate identity by managing its people on a worldwide basis, local responsiveness by adapting and conforming to the norms and customs of different societies in which PC operate (Laurent, 1986). This will enhance worldwide competitiveness, innovation combined with achievement, consistent across MNE units (Bartlet t and Ghoshal, 1989). According to Schuler and Florkowski (1994), for control purpose, flexible HRM policies and practices at the local level must be balanced with the requirement of MNE to maintain its global set of IHRM policies. Deeper Analysis-HRM issues a) Training and Development As noted in PC case, there is no formal training to consultants after recruited. Failure to train employees can affect the values, beliefs, and assumptions shared by employees to the organisational culture (Bunch, 2007, p. 157). Au and Chong (1993) conclude that failing to incorporate organisational culture in training programmes might lead to total failure in building a successful organisation. Listed below are the ways to determine employees taining needs: In todays highly competitive global business environment, human resources play an important role in developing and sustaining organisation competitive advantage (Brewster, 2002). IHRM has enforced common methods of acquisition of knowledge through hiring and training, distribution of knowledge via training and development, and utilization of knowledge via performance management in an organisation. Training Assessment is used to determine if and what type of training is necessary to acquire skills, knowledge, and imp rovement in order to perform well for the organisation growth and success. (see Appendix C -General Systems Model of Training and Development). Cross cultural training is also critical for international assignments, for managers to be acculturated to other societies value, norms and behaviour. Training is also recognised as an important means for socialisation (Child, 1984; De Meyer, 1991; Derr and Oddou, 1993; Ondrack, 1985). Orientation is where new employee learns the organisational goals, corporate culture, job and to develop realistic expectations. Formal training on the other hand promotes shared values and facilitates network building between headquarters and subsidiaries. Only successful organisation (example: Accenture) will believe/continue to train, develop their employees in order to adapt to the constant change in the dynamic working environment as new technologies develop and emergence of global assignments. (see Appendix D Diagnostic steps in Development Progra mmes) According to Bramley, 2003, extensive training, learning and development are important. Learning organisations (example: Xerox, General Electric) have applied three stages of learning perspective. PC needs to ensure that outstanding talent remain at the forefront of its field in terms of professional expertise and product knowledge gained through training which facilitates learning so that employees can become more effective in carrying out their task. It is essential as people, technology, jobs, and organisations are always evolving. Technology is advancing at a staggering pace. Therefore, it is vital that employees be trained and developed to utilise the latest technology so as to attain the highest levels of productivity. b) International Managers As International business continues to grow intensely, PC must understand the need for highly qualified international managers, a crucial factor in implementing global strategies for business success (Gregersen, Morrison, Black, 1998). Overall International managers need to have effective cross cultural communication, non-judgemental capability, flexibility, empathy (Berrell et al.2002:92). Expatriates A successful expatriate manager must have sound knowledge of technical, functional, cultural, social, and political skills (Bartlett, 1986; Bartlett Ghoshal, 1994; Ghoshal Barlett,1997). The most common factors that determine the expatriates success or failure is illustrated in Appendix E. Expatriate managers that possess an acculturation characteristic will be able to adapt/adopt themselves to any region for international assignment. The key point for international transfer is to initiate, expand and control international operations to ensure various organisational units strive towards achieving organisation common goals which is linked to HQ control aspects. (Edstrà ¶m and Galbraith,1977). Appendix F described why transfer of international managers happen. According to Roessel (1988), the benefits of various functions of international transfers can enhance internationalisation of the MNE, which make it more sustainable in international market. Inpatriates The value of managers with unique local market knowledge can develop a dynamic capability for global assignments. In this manner, inpatriate manager is another option envisioned to build managerial talents which organisations can develop distinct competitive advantage in the market they entered. The inpatriation process is positively related to the global HRM for organisations development of organisational capabilities: quality, low-cost operations, speed learning, innovation and customer focus (Lawler, 1996; Urlich Lake, 1990). The criteria and characteristic of the right candidate for inpatriate managers are similar to the expatriate factors which illustrated in Appendix D. Although HQ prefers the expatriate managers contribution in multicultural management on the stabilisation control aspect for competitive advantage (Dadfer Gustavsson, 1992; Granstrand, Hakanson, Sjolander, 1993), inpatriate managers do play an important part in the bridging role between HQ and the emerging market that the organisation wish to penetrate (Harvey et al., 1999b,c,d). Inpatriate managers, as substitutes and complements of expatriates, can provide accurate advice on adaptation of technical dimensions of HR processes (recruitment criteria, compensation, appraisals, training and development of host country nationals). Inpatriate managers also act as a mentor to calibre managers from host country nations to insure a succession plan when new inpatriate managers are moved into the home country organisation. If PC would to consider inpatriate manager option, it has undertaken the step in developing a multicultural strategic leadership capability, developing a global learning organisation to compete effectively in a globalised world (Aguirre, 1997; Hofstede, 1980, 1984; McBride, 1992; McMillen, Baker, White, 1997; Nemetz Christensen, 1996; Reynolds, 1997). Statement to the Board of Paine Co (PC) Core Components of HR Strategy IHRM policies and practices are influenced by the organisations structure, strategy, its institutional and cultural environments (Ngo et al., 1998; Schuler and Rogovsky, 1998; Schuler et al., 2002; Sparrow et al., 2004). For management consulting multinationals, definition of HRM policies at international level should be followed by a more standardised local implementation (Boxall and Steeneveld (1999). At the same time, applying the right kind of policies and practices was a condition of ongoing viability, the success to implement HR policies and practices synergistically constitute the basis for competitive advantage. IT consultancy firm, like PC depends highly on qualified and specialised professionals to offer services based on their creativity and intellectual work. This profession requires versatility, adaptability and constant learning due to its ever evolving job nature (Starbuck, 1992; Ram, 1999; Ka ¨rreman, 2002). In this case, PC should look at the nee d for highly qualified multicultural workforce as a means to build managerial talents, develop organisations competitiveness in the market it enter. Furthermore, global competition has caused organisations to be more conscious of cost and productivity. Therefore, HRM strategies must reflect clearly the organisations strategy people, profit and overall effectiveness in managing an increasing diverse workforce to compete in an increasingly complex, competitive world. (see Appendix G -Important Factors /Requirement in HRM). According to Sparrow 1998, recognising organisations need for multiple and parallel flexibilities especially in a time of increasing international competition and technological change is vital (Atkinson, 1987; Tsui et al., 1995). The proposed core components of HR strategy that PC should apply is highlighted in Appendix H, taking into consideration the difference in nationality, culture and institutional factors, to enhance its organisation performance and build long-term competitive advantage. Notes to the Core Components Based on Best Practice HRM, staffing need to be highly selective, performance regularly and systematically assessed, teamwork orientated, autonomy and responsibility were encouraged (Huselid, 1995; MacDuffie, 1995; Delery and Doty, 1996). With the growth of PC business internationally, PC needs appropriate information to develop its HRM policies and practices through comparing cross-national dimension on an international perspective (Brewster et al., 1996; Clark et al., 1999; Kochan, Dyer, Batt, 1992), a business strategy to develop bigger market share one step ahead of its competitors. Cross-national HRM policies and practices are also influenced by both culture-bound variables such as national and organisational culture, institutions, industrial sector dynamics and culture-free variables such as age, size, nature, and life cycle stages of organisation (Brewster, 1995; Hofstede, 1993; Jackson Schuler, 1995; Sparrow, 1995). The degree and direction of influence of these fac tors varies from region to region (Jackson Schuler, 1995; Locke Thelen, 1995). Creating a global corporate culture requires a geocentric mindset, drawing upon cultural capabilities that exist across the global operations and incorporating diverse cultural values and practices. Understanding HRM roles/strategies requires a contextual approach, underlining the importance of taking the institutional context into account (Paauwe, 2004). The table below shows the factors determining cross culture HRM practices. A detailed list of the subcomponents factors/variables in determining cross-national HRM is listed in Appendix I. The strategic importance of a unique, specific and valuable human capital for knowledge-intensive firm like PC would suggest a preference for employment internalisation (Matusik and Hill, 1998; Lepak and Snell, 1999). PC must actively seek creative destruction of its existing competencies to retain competitive advantage in the marketplace (Schumpter, 1934 ,1942) via an adequate HRM policies and practices. The organisational competitiveness of PC will depends on its strength/capacity to shape a unique set of resources where competitors find it hard to copy, which mobilized with the help of developed organisational and managerial systems that provide the organisation with a series of distinctive capacities that allow to generate long-term sustainable income (Fernà ¡ndez Rodrà ­guez, 1995). The process of continuous learning and modification of resource bundles for efficiency and effectiveness of strategies contribute to development of the organisations dynamic capabilities (global management capabilities difficult to imitate) to gain/sustain competitive advantage. (Teece,1988; Teece, Pisano Shuen, 1997). According to Barney (1991), if resources meet the following elements, the firm earns a unique strategy profile which assist for international expansion. On the other hand, Behavioural Theory is based on the assumption th at different strategies require different behaviours, attitudes and capabilities in workers (Schuler, 1987). According to this theory, HR practices do influence workers behaviour which results in improvements of organisational performance (Lawler,1986; Huselid, 1995; Becker, Huselid, Pickus Spratt, 1997; Guest, 1997;Appelbaum et al., 2000; Takeuchi, 2003). This implies PC must implement a set of personnel practices consistent with the organisations business strategy to build its international presence successfully (see below). When workers have positive perceptions, this will increase their work commitment with the organisation, degree of involvement and their level of working satisfaction, which results in better performance for PC and talented workers can be retained for future prospect. Developing a systematic approach of HR policies and practices consistent with business strategy can assist in the integration of business competitive advantage, where every possible s ource of competitive advantage need to be identified/utilised in facilitating the learning and knowledge transfer processes across units (Schuler et al. (1993:427). A high performance work system (HPWS) practices is perceived by employees as organisations commitment (Batt, 2002). [see Appendix J] Definitely with HPWS implemented in PC, it will be able to develop talented, motivated employees to meet organisations objective to achieve competitive advantage in the international arena (McDuffie (1995). By developing the necessary skills, knowledge and increasing motivation of employee contribution, PC can reflect the opportunities to realize economies of scale at the international level. With the rapid evolving technologies, this encourages PC to engage in innovation and continuous learning across its operation. According to Wright Snell (1991), a successful organisation should have motivated workers who are involved in the achievement of organisational objectives. Manager s are responsible to create a more positive working environment where employees can flourish and increase their feelings of wellbeing at work (Tehrani et al., 2007). Line managers are also responsible to deliver the HR practices and to ensure that the perception of support, trust, fairness and consistency are maintained amongst employees. The biggest mistake unsuccessful global organisations make is to assume that there is one best way to structure HRM policies and practices. Trying to apply HRM principles that work well in one environment may not lead to the same level of degree of success in another. Challenges Globalisation competition has become so intensify, HRM professionals require to optimise the skills, talent, creativity of every employee more effectively. Failure to do so will probably mean the organisation cannot compete in the flat world. Every aspect of HRM strategic can be influenced by cultural differences in one or more dimensions. Therefore, PC needs to understand the cultural differences and ensuring HRM and cultural orientation of workers are coincide with one another without sacrificing efficiency. Conclusion To be successful in the international marketplace, PC must ensure HR policies are fit with strategic international plan of the organisation and with the work-related values of foreign culture due to cross-national interaction. Total word count=2,593

Violent Video Games Cause Aggression in Violent Video...

Video games have become such a huge popular form of media as they are enjoyed by every people from all age. They can be seen as indispensable sources of entertainment for kids and teenagers, serve as the relaxing and joyful time after working hard. However, why does video game become such a controversial thing and why have many scholars begun to study both the negative and positive side of video games, especially violent video games? After a long time of studying overall the controversy, many scholars say that violent video games indeed can make players have violent thinking and aggressive behavior. Therefore, the violent video games should be regulated in producing and purchasing for kids and adolescents. Of course, have fun with healthy†¦show more content†¦Such coincidence that many shooters were a fan of violent video games before proved the negative impact of violent video games to the youth generation and made many scholars began to study the truth behind the whole controversy. It might be claimed by some scholars and game players that the statement about gaming is unhealthy and can lead to violence is unproven. â€Å"The author examines the lack of scientific validity of the studies that insist upon a correlation between violence and video games† (Radford, 2005, p.3). The scholar said that those conclusions about the connection between video games and violence that several researchers had found were just tentative. The studies of researchers were accused for being biased in seeking evidence of the video games’ negative side. However, this argument is no longer correct as one of the most reliable studies proved the strong relationship between enjoying violent video games and the increasing in desensitization, aggressive thoughts and behaviors among young people (Bickham, 2006). In this study of Dr. Craig A. Anderson of Iowa State University in Ames, he and his colleagues looked at whether children and teenagers with playing violent video game habits could engage in aggressive behaviors three to six month later. The result of the study is children and teenagers with the stronger intensity of playing violent games did become more aggressive than their peer with the less playing. ToShow MoreRelatedThe Truth About Video Games1124 Words   |  5 Pagesdeveloped rapidly, video games have become more realistic in terms of violence. These games and systems have reached second in demand in the media industry following television (Rottenberg et al. 30). The human species is an inherently violent species in this generation. When we play video games for extended hours at a time, the game removes us from reality into a new dream world killing and fighting monsters, enemies, and villains. Most humans believe video games do not cause violence; however,Read MoreEssay on Video Game Violence1599 Words   |  7 Pagesimmoral for children to take part in. However, a child making a character in a video game ruthlessly rape, beat, and kill another character has been deemed acceptable as long as said child is of a certain age. Video games are prominent in everyday life. Children as young as two are starting off playing basic video games to learn their ABC’s and 123’s. The problem is as children get older they are influenced by the video games they play and most of the video games in today’s society are violent and goryRead MoreDoes Violence Affect Children?1384 Words   |  6 Pages20 April 2016 Does Violence in Media Affect Children? Violence is an increasing problem in today’s society. An act of violence can hold major consequences for society. With increased access to firearms and explosives in today’s society, it is important to know what exactly can cause a child to become violent in the present and later on in his or her life. Many variables are involved when children are growing up that may lead them to become more violent. These variables are poverty, family psychopathologyRead MoreViolent Video Games Should Not Be Banned1170 Words   |  5 Pages2014 Violent Video Games Should Not be Banned Violent acts committed by children seem to occur on a monthly basis. What is to blame for this trend? Many people try to find, what they would believe to be, a likely source for the violence once. Some people turn to violent video games as the reason why violent acts occur amongst children. Some would even argue, that violent video games in general should be banned. Violent video games should not be banned because they do not cause violent behaviorsRead MoreMultimedia Violence : A Grave Threat Of Teens Of The New Generation. Craig A. Anderson1585 Words   |  7 PagesIowa State University, commented on multimedia violence saying, â€Å"Exposing children and adolescents (or ‘youth’) to violent visual media increases the likelihood that they will engage in physical aggression against another person. By ‘physical aggression’ we mean behavior that is intended to harm another person physically, such as hitting with a fist or some object. A single brief exp osure to violent media can increase aggression in the immediate situation. The repeated exposure leads to general increasesRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Violent Video Games1534 Words   |  7 Pagescreation of violent video games. But, we can prevent the distribution of these disturbing games to children, where their effects can be negative.† (Kohl, Herb). Violent video games have been blamed for children poor school performance, mental development, and aggressive behavior; there are many studies conducted by different psychologists and experts in the area, and they came up with different results. Most people and studies believe that children are the primary victim of violent video games, and peopleRead MoreViolence in Television, Movies, and Video Games Should Not Be Censored1653 Words   |  7 PagesVIOLENCE IN TELEVISION, MOVIES, AND VIDEO GAMES SHOULD NOT BE CENSORED Television, movies, and video games have a great influence on the minds of todays youth. But, what exactly are the effects of such an influence? Certain people have exaggerated the effects that these media have on todays youth. Many people, including government officials, have singled out these three media sources as the cause of some types of violence simply because it is an easy target for laying the blame. The truth isRead MoreMedia Kids Essay1262 Words   |  6 PagesIt has been said that children are like sponges when it comes to attaining knowledge. This is true whether they are learning to speak or how to show emotion. The violence and risky behaviors as depicted on TV can have a profound effect on a young developing mind. It is well known that the first two years of life is when the brain undergoes critical development phases. During this time it is important that kids develop an accurate perception of the world they are growing up in. Over consumption ofRead MoreGames Being The Blame Of Violence2459 Words   |  10 Pages A third example of games being the blame of violence was the case of Adam Lanza. On 14 December 2012, he committed the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, after which the first reports from media misidentified the shooter as his brother, Ryan Lanza. On Facebook Ryan had liked the ‘Mass Effect’ page which lead to an internet frenzy immediately launched at the page, dubbing the developes as â€Å"child killers.† After the error had been discovered that it was really Adam to blame, news stories jumpedRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Society961 Words   |  4 PagesVideo games have been the subject of objections, controversies and censorship because of depictions of violence, sexual themes, alcohol, tobacco, drugs, propaganda, profanity and advertisements. Critics of video games include parents groups, politicians, religious groups, scientists and other advocacy groups. Sarah Smith, author of Children, Cinema and Censorship : From Dracula to the Dead End K ids, claims that comic books, rock music, computers and video games, all have been cited as threats to

With Funny Quotes, Selfie Addiction May Not Be Such a Bad Thing

If you havent already joined the selfie brigade, you are missing something. Even as we speak, selfies are being clicked and uploaded on every possible social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Tumblr. According to some surveys, over 1 million selfies are uploaded each day! And the number will continue to increase, as more and more people get tech savvy. Who Are These People  That Are Clicking Selfies? Who isnt? Right from your neighbor to Michelle Obama, to the Pope... everyone is clicking selfies. And why wouldnt they? It is fun to pout and pose in front of a camera, and show your flattering side without being self-conscious. With the availability of various apps in the market, you can enhance your appearance to give Angelina Jolie or Daniel Craig a run for their money. Selfie addicts often go through great pains to get the picture perfect. Many take multiple pictures until they zero in on the right one. Some go to the extent of clicking over a hundred images until they get the right pout. Selfies Are Not Just to Pout and Shoot; They Make a Statement I wonder what would Freud have to say about this new self-obsession that has caught on. Is this a narcissistic trend? To a conservative thinker, it might very well seem like a bit of self-obsession. While old school preaches humility, the new generation wants to flaunt and flash with  abandon. The youth has higher self-awareness, and they dont bury their head in the sand. On the contrary, selfies are the right instrument to make a statement. You can portray yourself in various avatars. Selfie Culture May Not Be So Bad After All Are you worried that your teenage son is growing up to be a selfie addict? Do you worry that this overbearing trend of exhibitionism  is eroding social values? Well, lets get real. This is the age of information technology, where you communicate in split seconds. Even as you read this, millions of  bytes of data are being exchanged, ideas germinated, trends created, and new business plans chalked out. Should we not board this gravy train? That said, selfies are a reflection of the changing times. Selfies document the phases of a persons life. Its like keeping an online picture book; except that you allow the world to have access to it. If selfies are created aesthetically, they can tell a story. How to Crack People Up With Your Selfies Nobody wants their selfie to go unnoticed. While going topless may not be your best bet to grab eyeballs, you can try something else instead. The next time you post your duck face, splash a funny quote right across the image. Now, youve got a winner! Who wouldnt want to smile at your selfie when they see your devil-may-care attitude? These funny quotes for selfies are just a beginning. As you get better at this game, you can create your own funny selfie quotes. You can also create cool profile quotes with your selfies. Cute profile quotes will make your selfies  popular. My formula for success is rise early, work late, and strike oil.

Human Resources Management Essays - 1699 Words

People are biggest asset for every organization and, therefore, to draw, motivate, and preserve the most skilled employees and assign them to jobs for which they are exceptionally well suited is a responsible job for human resource. Therefore, human resources management is done in all type of organizations. Profound management of people is equally indispensable in success of organizations as the sound management of production, finance, and other operations. The human resource management field postulates the infinite diversity of people and their dynamics (McKenzie Traynor, 2002). To get into this career field, one must have the required education degree by completing many different courses, and have the experience along with skills and†¦show more content†¦These degrees require candidates to have more training and knowledge of the human resource aspects; therefore, organization see candidates with a higher degree as more qualify and beneficial prospects to their company. A Bachelor’s degree or above, will give aspirant better job opportunities and qualify them for more broad ranges of positions, from hospital human resource management to training managers. For advanced positions in a large corporation’s HR department, or for the position that involved in developing human resources policy, aspirant would best acquire a Master’s degree or PhD. To obtain the desired education degree for the human resource career field, human resource management students must learn and complete various subjects during the education program as they would need to employ various skills in their practical life. Candidates studying the Human Resource Management discipline gain an insight into courses like Employee Compensation Management, Perspectives of Management Labor welfare, and Organizational Behavior (R. Palaciso, personal interview, 18 July 2010). The Employee Compensation Management course provides an analysis of the techniques and principles us ed to develop and instigate direct and indirect compensation programs and reward systems that are cost-effective. This course teaches students, as human resource, to attain and draw a highlyShow MoreRelatedHuman Resources Management : Human Resource Management1140 Words   |  5 Pagesa business efficiently? Human Resource Management (HRM). Human Resources is the solid foundation that practically oversees the entire organization, whether its managing employees to surveilling the progress of every single department. There are six principle functions that Human Resource take into account: employee relations, recruitment, compliance, compensation and benefits, training and development, and safety (policies/regulations). Over time Human Resource Management has taken a new role intoRead MoreHuman Resources Management And Human Resource Management2123 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The study of human resource management becomes a major topic of the science of management at the beginning of 20th century and keeps attracting researchers’ attention (Merkle, 1980). The new models of human resource management derive from the advance of management theories and the accumulation of practices and experiences. With the development of global economy, the economic situation of each country deeply affects the world and becomes closely connected. In addition, the needs of customersRead MoreHuman Resources Management : Human Resource Management1138 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Resources Management Hilti continues to grasp on success and expand globally, but their path weren’t always well defined. The company began in 1941 and historically they’ve kept to traditional strategies when it came to recognizing human resource requirements. In the early 2000’s, the company established a new set initiatives, aimed at doubling revenue and operating profits. Hilti also recognized that this type of growth would require invigorating ideas to employ human resourcing requirementsRead MoreHuman Resource Management And Human Resources Management941 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Resources Management is one of the most important aspects of any organization, whether it be non-profit, not for profit, or profit. Human Resources Management is what makes it possible for a manager to be able to focus on their work and tasks at hand and not have to deal with lots of unneeded interpersonal activities. They are in charge of correctly evaluating the candidates that the managers will have to work with for the duration of the candidate’s stay. 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Human Resource Management are in charge of different tasks including recruiting asRead MoreHuman Resources Management : Human Resource Management820 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Resources Management Proper Planning is one of the most important aspects of human resource management. Without proper execution of plans, the particular needs of an organization that are the responsibility of human resources will not be reached, and therefore, will fall short of what is necessary for meeting the goals of an organization (DeCenzo, Robbins Verhulst 2013).There are many facets a human resource manager must be familiar with in order to run an organization. The functions of humanRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Human Resources Management1264 Words   |  6 Pagesand research with my family, I decided to go into human resource management, specifically in a hospital. Many people questioned and often said â€Å"Why human resource management?† My answer, I chose human resource managers because I believe they are a vital part of a hospitals success. They make the plans, they direct the staff and they coordinate how people work together and where they need to be. Throughout this paper , I will describe human resource managers- what they do, what are the requirements

Short Story - 721 Words

â€Å"We’ll need a couple of blankets.† Chase told Sylvester. â€Å"We do?† He questioned. â€Å"Yea, we are about to leave town!† â€Å"We are?† He questioned again. â€Å"Atlanta.† â€Å"And how do we get there?† Sylvester asked. Chase evaded the question. â€Å"When we leave here, were going to that abandoned Goodyear Tire building across from the park! Sylvester wanted to hear more. We sneak in the building. Steal a few blankets from the tramps that live there while they are out, running around looking for food!† â€Å"What if someones there?† â€Å"Well,† Chase heaved in a deep breath, stared at Sylvester and said. Well have to deal with it as we go!† â€Å"Deal with it?† Sylvester asked. â€Å"You arent gonna cop-out on me are you?† Not wanting to look cowardly, he told Chase.†¦show more content†¦He stepped around Chase, grabbed some blankets, shook them out, rolled them up and they left. When they reached the plywood board downstairs, they heard some men outside talking. Chase grabbed Sylvester by the hand and led him in the dark to one of the building support pillars that extended out from the wall. He put his back to the wall and he saw Sylvester doing the same to hide from view. The plywood board moved away. Sylvester tensed up. Chase tensed up. Sunlight showed up the lifts. A man came in, wearing loose clothes. He took advantage of the light and moved swiftly over the lifts to the steps. Two more men came in, their voices slurred. They both heard the board dragging across the floor and it was dark again. Two men went carefully where they stepped to the steps. Chase came from behind the pillar with Sylvester and they went quietly to the plywood board and waited for the last two men to get up stairs. â€Å"Hey, some motherfucker was in here!† The man up-stairs hollered. The two men going up the steps hurried to get inside the room. â€Å"What they take?† One asked. Chase moved the plywood board aside just a little and he, and Sylvester snuck out with the blankets. He put the board back, and they walked fast to the next corner, turned, and went towards downtown. â€Å"Shouldnt we be going the other way? Sylvester warned. They can see us with these blankets if they come out!† â€Å"A chance we have to take!† Chase told him. Was he up to fighting those menShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 W ords   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of eventsRead MoreRacism in the Short Stories1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intr uding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narrator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. In

Second Language Learning Story Telling

Question: Describe about the Second Language Learning for Story Telling. Answer: 1. Story telling is an interesting procedure to engross every individual in the activity. It can be taken to develop a better speaking and listening skills in students. It helps in enhancing understanding skills in students coming from different cultures. Student coming from non-English countries faces problem in speaking and understanding English. It causes a major problem while accommodating in a different culture. In the given case study there are student from the different cultural background who are facing problem in speaking and writing English language. It is recommended to involve them in a playful activity to help them in understanding the foreign language. Speaking English is difficult for those who are using their native language since childhood. The problems need to be dealt efficiently with a group involvement. The following activity can be helpful for the students to understand English in a playful manner: Firstly divide the group in 3. Name each team as Team A, Team B, Team C. Every team has to appoint a team leader who will keep a record in his diary. The leader has the responsibility to keep a record of individual activity in the group. Group Activity helps in creating mutual cooperation. Secondly make them sit in a circle and begin with a story telling by adding short sentence which makes complete sense. For every correct sentence each team will receive 5 points. Student has to add a sentence relevant to the previous one. She/he must speak the sentence very loud. Participation of every student is compulsory in the activity. The story telling will continue until it makes a logical conclusion. The topic has to be chosen by the instructor. It is suggested to choose a general topic so that every student can participate equally. Instructor must try to take an interesting topic to keep interest of every participant in the activity. At an initial stage instructor should choose an easy topic. Focus must be paid on common topic like global warming, environment; etc. Instructor must take mutual assent from every individual in the group regarding the topic. This assessment would help in building confidence in every student. Every sentence should be relevant to the previous one. Moreover teams should build on the sentence before it is received. Team can discuss among each other before confirming it. Each team will get 15 seconds to frame an appropriate sentence. The team has an option to pass it to other. In case of an inappropriate and illogical sentence 5 point will be deducted from the team score. In case if the previous team made a mistake, the other team can correct it. An extra point will be awarded to the other team in such a case. For every passed sentence the other team will get bonus points. It is advised to student that they equally participate. The instructor will keep the record of whole activity in his diary. The group activity will allow the students to think widely. The goal of the activity is to create a logical story. The instructor can record the whole procedure to keep a track on the story. They have an option to hold a picture while making sentences. This group activity will help the student to develop a comprehensive listening and speaking skills. It will develop a better understanding among the students while listening closely to each other. This activity will help students to critically examine their knowledge. This activity will ensure better understanding among the students. Story telling is an interesting way to ensure continuous learning in the group. It should involve only generic topic of individual interest. The group activity requires only 20 minutes. These activities should be carried out on a regular basis to nurture the skills in students. For example Global Warming is a big global and social issue. Instructor must find a topic which is simple and requires basic knowledge. Student awareness is important to achieve equal participation. These tasks will help the student in developing the skills in an easy and simple manner. It will keep every individual interest which will help in accomplishing the task. This is a short exercise which will help student to grow while learning in a healthy atmosphere. Story telling is a most appropriate activity carried in schools at a kindergarten level. However it can be used by developing basic understanding in those students who cannot understand English properly. It is an easy an amicable way to build efficiency among the students. People from foreign country are facing trouble in English speaking and listening. The ESL helps in motivating students in an easy manner to develop better skills which will help them to grow. This activity has multiple benefits which will help both the instructor and the student. The activity has aim to attract maximum attention of the students. Instructor should carry such activity on a daily basis. It will hold everyones interest in the activity. Group activities are important to build a healthy atmosphere in an institution. Everyone come across various issues while learning a second language. This process will help students in achieving the desired result 2. An instructor can adopt various activities which can help in developing an interactive atmosphere in the institution. He should focus on developing those skills which would help students to grasp the information in an easy manner. These games help in managing a high level of energy in a group (Brantmeier.2009). There is no ideal age to learn a second language. In a competitive environment it has become important to adopt the changes which are taking place in the surroundings. Language is an important medium to interact with each other. Every region has its own language to communicate thoughts. It plays an important role to forward our views regarding any purpose. Regional diversity has led to communication issues. There are thousands of languages which are spoken at different places. For the purpose the world has accepted a common language English which is used by everyone around the world to communicate his/her views. Student from non-English countries faces problem in understanding it (Cook.2016). Cultural diversity is the reason behind vast gap in between people and their behavior. Moreover language plays a crucial role in assimilating the ideas of different people under one roof. There is a necessity to inculcate an attractive group activity in the institution. This will help the studen ts from the non-English background to develop a better understanding in a playful manner. Story telling can be taken as an activity to involve every individual in the group to serve the purpose. The sole purpose of the activity is learning through fun. It will help in eliminating the issues which a person faces while communicating his ideas. Learning a second language is not a day procedure, it involves daily commitment and continuous hard work (Randall.2007). One should always engage himself in practicing a second language to develop good skills. It is obvious that a person will make error in the beginning. One should learn from his mistakes. Learning a second language is not a herculean task although a commitment is appreciated while focusing over it (Myles Mitchell.2014). Initial grammatical mistakes should be ignored while learning a new language. Continuous motivation is necessary to achieve the desired result. It is very difficult for an individual to develop a good understanding of the language (Ellis.2009). The Natural approach towards the language acquisition is based on the karashans monitor model. This theory focus on the natural acquisition of language. This process helps in acquiring a second language in a decent easy manner. There are various points which need to be kept in mind while earning a language competency. It is essential for a person to develop a grammatical competency. Sociolinguistic competency is recommended to be used as per the audience and the purpose behind it. The strategic goal behind learning new language is to meet communicative goals. Second language learning involves both written and spoken competency. One needs to focus on building a desired framework to achieve the result. Second language competency can be attained through regular activities undertaken by the institution. More focus need to be given while strategic enforcement of activities carried at the place. Both individual and the institution must set a goal to attain the desired result. People are exposed to new language at the workplace or at any other place of interaction. Schools are more focused on providing instruction in the native language. Less focus is been given to a foreign language .It is mostly seen that the children in the school learning through interaction outside the school. Various institutions are focusing on systematic learning of the foreign language by presenting the problem step-wise. A learner is exposed to several different kinds of languages. The errors are rarely corrected as people around are seldom interested in correcting him. Second language is taught to the foreign student. It is essential to focus on the language instead of the content. Instructors should be focused on ensuring vocabulary and grammatical target (Mantero.2007). Story telling is an activity carried out to learn English in a playful manner. The activity is carried by the students to adapt the new language. English is an essential language which is adopted by the world as a common mode of interaction. Story telling is a simple activity which will help people to learn the language easily. Global interaction has created an urgency to learn a second language. It helps in easy interaction while making trade relations. There are many countries in the world which are using their native language while communicating with each other. Hence there is a necessity to learn while focusing on the activity. It is a very easy activity which builds interest of each individual in the group (Nakata.2006). Learning in a fun manner creates attention of every individual in the group. A study says learning in a playful manner holds interest of every person and it helps in individual growth. Oral recitation of story holds attention of every individual in the group and creates better understanding. It gives ample of exposure and enhances confidence of an individual. It is a procedural manner where a person builds competency sequentially. At an initial level the person is allowed to make short sentences. The level of the activity can be increased slowly and gradually. Involving group activity promotes the concept of mutual help which creates an amicable environment within the organization (Gonzalez.2004). Motivation is an important tool while learning a new language. It is held that motivation is the reason behind the success of a new language. It is an incentive to learn a second language outside the classroom. Inadequate motivation can lead to failure while learning the second language. As per Zoltan Dornyei, the second language learning has three phases which are the social psychology period, the cognitive situated period, finally the process oriented period. Language is learned in a systematic procedure. Different phases depict the psychology of an individual while going through the transitions. Second language learning is different from leaning a new subject as it is connected with cultural disposition and identity. For example people in China are more curious to learn English to pass various foreign language examinations. It provides them with a chance to interact with the westerners. There are two type of motivational; theories which are attached with the individual conduct (i. e. intrinsic and extrinsic). Intrinsic is regarded as the motivation from inside whereas extrinsic motivation is regarded as the motivation from outside. There can be any reason behind the external motivation. People understand the importance of learning a second language. The global atmosphere has caused multiple changes around the world. There are at time necessities to undergo complete transition to adopt the changes which are developing around the world. Various scholars have proposed different theories regarding the second language learning. A teacher plays a crucial role while motivating students. But traditional teaching techniques are hindering the whole procedure of learning a new language. New techniques need to be evolved to accept the challenges one faces while adopting the changes (Lange Paige.2003). Semantic theory is regarding understanding the meaning of the language. There are various types of meanings like lexical, semantic and pragmatic. This contributes in better understanding of the language under different circumstances. Lexical is regarding the meaning which is stored behind the word. Grammatical meaning is understood while assimilating the actual meaning of the sentence. Semantic meaning is related to word mentioned. Pragmatic meaning deals with the context behind the sentence. Semantic theory are universal applicable while learning a new language. Socio-cultural theory deals with the cultural integration taking place around the world. The notion behind this theory is social benefit (Muoz.2012). Universal grammar is an approach which is used while setting the correct parameters in term of the second language. This theory provides with a natural phenomenon while understanding a new language. The short coming behind this theory is that it doesnt deal with the psychological processes which are involved while learning a new language. Input hypothesis theory collects the information from the target language only. The target language is considered as an input. The whole procedure is understood as a procedure while developing the understanding of the language. There are various models which have helped in understanding the second language in different atmosphere. These theories have universal applicability. They can be applied in every situation. Second language theories are applied by the instructor while developing the learning procedure (Mc Caul.2016). The Input Processing Approachhelps the student in acquiring the vocabulary based learning. a student acquires information from t he dictionary to find the actual meaning of the language while using it. Group activities are prepared by the scholars to involve participation of each individual in the learning procedure. Interactionist theory focuses on deriving the language skill through the social interaction. Human being learn from their surroundings. It help them to evolve and grasp the external environment. Interactive learning is necessary to be developed to meet the purpose behind the activity. An effective and efficient plan is necessary to promote the interest of each individual involved in the activity. Various academicians have developed systematic plans to inculcate learning in the regular procedure. Languages can be taught at any place whether under a formal setting or an informal place. It develops in a sequential manner while meeting the requirements which are aligned with an activity. Basic interpersonal communication skills are required while managing the learning procedure (The Five Principles of Effective Second Language Acquisition.2016). Classroom learning plays a vital role at an initial stage. Students are given elementary information which helps them to build the basic understanding. Most of the foreign countries consider English as a secondary language. People living in those countries faces problem in speaking and writing English. Elementary knowledge helps in developing the basic understanding of the subject. Under such a situation it is recommended to start developing the basic skills. Activity based learning is an interactive technique which develop interest of each individual involved in the activity. Group involvement is necessary for developing the skills required for the second language. It is required that an individual practice the language outside the classroom. The true test regarding the learning takes place outside the classroom. A student faces real life situations which helps him to develop second language. This will help in developing better interpersonal skills (Freeman.2000). Course structure should be developed keeping in mind the different level. At an early stage instructor should focus on developing the basic skills. The instructor should focus on upgrading the course structure with the passage of time. It will help to develop a better understanding related to the subject. Vocabulary enhancement exercise is essential while choosing the words in future related to the topic. There are various skills which are aligned with the course while acquiring the knowledge of a second language. Students come across many problems while learning a new language. It may be due to the difficulty level or the course structure. It is the responsibility of the teacher to develop a structure as per the needs of the students. Students should practice with each other. This will help in developing a better understanding which will help users to retrieve a good result in future. Various theories have helped in managing a better understanding among the students. These theories have mutually helped the instructor and the students in developing a better understanding. Numerous academicians have given theories like the Acquisition Learning Hypothesis, the Natural Order Hypothesis, the Monitor Hypothesis, The Input Hypothesis, the Effective Filter Hypothesis. These theories have helped the instructor in understanding the problems a student come across while managing the psychological issues. These activity based theory has helped students in developing the students interest in the subject. Changes are hard to be accepted due to external diversity. Under such an environment it is recommended to develop a technique to engross the interest of each individual into the activity. Theories are applied as per the interest of the students and the circumstances. A teacher has plenty responsibilities to deal with the issues faced by the students. Outer responsibility need to be given equal attention while dealing with the problems which are faced by the students. There are various activities which help in learning a second language. These days various organizations are forcing the employees to learn a new language. It helps in developing trade relationship with those living in the other countries. Introducing various activities at the learning institution helps in engrossing interest of every individual. These second language learning helps the student in meeting the international standards in a playful manner. Different institutions have introduced different types of activities to hold attention of every individual. The instructor has to incorporate various theories to develop a better learning experience. Second language learning is not a difficult procedure if carried out in a systematic manner. However it is suggested that the playful activities help in gripping individual interest. Class-room based learning is monotonous and hurdles the overall growth of an individual. It is recommended to the instructor that he should incorporate a syst ematic procedure which would help in overall improvement of the student. This activity has an everlasting effect on the mental growth of a student. These activities are helpful for the future growth of an individual while keeping in mind the current status of the student. Every culture propagates their local language at an elementary level hence English is given a status of secondary language. Learning can be induced in a playful manner through a better planning procedure. References Brantmeier, C.2009. Crossing Languages and Research Methods: Analyses of Adult Foreign Language Reading. IAP Cook, V.2016. Second Language Learning and Language Teaching: Fifth Edition. Routledge Dodigovic, M.2005. Artificial Intelligence in Second Language Learning: Raising Error Awareness. Multilingual Matters Ellis, R.2009. Implicit and Explicit Knowledge in Second Language Learning, Testing and Teaching. Multilingual Matters Freeman, D.2000. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. Oxford University Press Gonzalez, V.2004. Second Language Learning: Cultural Adaptation Processes in International Graduate Students in U.S. Universities. University Press of America Lange, D Paige, R.2003. Culture as the Core: Perspectives on Culture in Second Language Learning. IAP Mantero, M.2007. Identity and Second Language Learning: Culture, Inquiry, and Dialogic Activity in Educational Contexts.IAP Mc Caul, R.2016. Can we learn a second language like we learned our first? Online. Retrieved from: https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/can-we-learn-second-language-we-learned-our-first Accessed on: 17 October 2016 Muoz, C.2012. Intensive Exposure Experiences in Second Language Learning. Multilingual Matters Myles, F Mitchell, R.2014. Second Language Learning Theories. Routledge Nakata, Y.2006. Motivation and Experience in Foreign Language Learning. Peter Lang Randall, M.2007. Memory, Psychology and Second Language Learning Language Teaching. John Benjamins Publishing The Five Principles of Effective Second Language Acquisition.2016. Online. Retrieved from: https://www.transparent.com/white-papers/second-language.html Accessed on: 17 October 2016